Kidney transplantation is the therapy of choice for patients with end-stage kidney disease (ESKD). Nevertheless, the main limitation for long-term graft survival is immune-mediated rejection. Some authors have proposed that differences in immune effector mechanisms are influenced by underlying molecular mechanisms; thereby, the identification of differentially expressed genes in acute or chronic rejection in non-invasive samples such as urine may be essential for the identification of potential biomarkers and biological processes associated with allograft outcomes. Our aim was to explore differences in gene expression and functional categories associated with acute and chronic kidney rejection in blood, biopsy, and urine of kidney transplant patients using RNA-Seq. RNA was isolated and sequenced implementing standard protocols. Analyses were addressed to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and Functional Categories of Gene Ontology comparing between samples. Then we focused on immune genes and pathways to identify their association with the allograft. We identified a significant transcriptional similarity between biopsy and urine, in comparison with blood in acute and chronic rejection. Functional analyses suggested an enrichment of immune processes such as antigen processing and presentation, and regulation of B cell receptor signaling pathway in blood of acute and chronic rejection, respectively. Additionally, we observed an increase in expression of chemokines in biopsy and urine of both outcomes along with an increase in chemokine receptors in blood. Our findings suggest that urine is suitable for identifying potential biomarkers and biological processes related to renal allograft rejection, as it shares a significant number of regulated genes with biopsy.
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In 2017, I submitted a manuscript to the journal Archives of Biotechnology and Biomedicine belonging to Heighten Science Publications Corporation. Within one week I already received the response from the editor. All processing steps were really fast so in terms of a speedy publication I can particularly recommend the journal Archives of Biotechnology and Biomedicine. The responsible contact person of the journal was always available, which gives a trustworthy impression to the author. Also the peer review process was clear and constructive. So from my experience with Heighten Science Publications Corporation I can recommend publishing there.
University of Tubingen, Germany
Yvonne Mast
We thank to the heighten science family, who speed up the publication of our article and provide every support.
Mehmet Besir
The services of the journal were excellent. The most important thing for an author is the speed of the peer review which was really fast here. They returned in a few days and immediately replied all of my questions. I want to refer this platform to all scholars.
Many thanks.
Eastern Mediterranean University, Cyprus
Zehra Guchan TOPCU
Thank you for your attitude and support. I am sincerely grateful to you and the entire staff of the magazine for the high professionalism and fast quality work. Thank you very much!
USA
Igor Klepikov
Thank you and your company for effective support of authors which are very much dependable on the funds gambling for science in the different countries of our huge and unpredictable world. We are doing our work and should rely on a teams like Galley Proof-HSPC. Great success to all of you for the 2019th!
Be well all the year long.
Russia
Victor V Apollonov
The editorial process was quickly done. The galley proof was sent within a week after being accepted for publication.
The editorial team was very helpful and responded promptly.
India
Rohit Kulshrestha
Publishing with the International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology was a rewarding experience as review process was thorough and brisk. Their visibility online is second to none as their published articles appear in all search engines. I will encourage researchers to publish with them.
University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital, Nigeria
Dr. Elizabeth A Awoyesuku
"It was a pleasure to work with the editorial team of the journal on the submission of the manuscript. The team was professional, fast, and to the point".
NC A&T State University, USA
Moran Sciamama-Saghiv
Submission of paper was smooth, the review process was fast. I had excellent communication and on time response from the editor.
Ekiti State University Teaching Hospital, Nigeria
Ayokunle Dada
I am delighted and satisfied with. Heighten Science Publications as my manuscript was thoroughly assessed and published on time without delay. Keep up the good work.
Ido-Ekiti/Afe Babalola University, Nigeria
Dr. Shuaib Kayode Aremu
"This is my first time publishing with the journal/publisher. I am impressed at the promptness of the publishing staff and the professionalism displayed. Thank you for encouraging young researchers like me!"
Ekiti State University, Nigeria
Adebukola Ajite
I wanna to thank clinical journal of nursing care and practice for its effort to review and publish my manuscript. This is reputable journal. Thank you!
Wollo University, Ethiopia
Atsedemariam Andualem
We appreciate your approach to scholars and will encourage you to collaborate with your organization, which includes interesting and different medical journals.
With the best wishes of success, creativity and joy in life, prosperity in the medical field.
Ivano- Frankivsk National Medical University, Ukraine
Nataliya Kitsera
Thank you very much for your support and encouragement. I am truly impressed by your tolerance and support.
Thank you very much
Diaverum: PADC, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
Nasrulla Abutaleb
You are such a nice person. Your journal co-operation is very appreciable and motivational.
Department of Biotechnology, Uttaranchal college of Applied and Life Sciences, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
Archna Dhasmana
“Mobile apps and wearable technology are becoming ubiquitous in our environment. Their integration with healthcare delivery is just beginning to take shape. The early results are promising and the possibilities great."
BS, PharmD., MBA, CPHIMS, FHIMSS, Adjunct Professor, Global Healthcare Management, MCPHS University, Chief Strategy Offi cer, MedicaSoft, Senior Advisor, National Health IT (NHIT) Collaborative for Underserved, New York HIMSS, National Liaison, Health 2.0 Boston, Past Chair, Chair Innovation, USA
Helen Figge
“The choice to submit the forensic case study to the Journal of Addiction Therapy and Research was dictated by the match between the content and the potential readership. The publication process proved to be expedient and we were provided with constructive feedback from reviewers. The final article layout is attractive and conforms to standards. All-in-all, it has been a rewarding process.”
Ph.D, Boston University Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders and Knowledge Research Institute, Inc., 2131 Reflection Bay Drive, Arlington, Texas 76013, USA
Elisabeth H. Wiig
The service is nice and the time of processing the application is fast.
Department of Neurosurgery, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Hong Kong
Long Ching
Your service is very good and fast reply, Also your service understand our situation and support us to publication our articles.
Palestine College of Nursing, Khan Younis, Gaza Strip, Palestine
Ayman M Abu Mustafa
“It was a delightful experience publishing my manuscript with the Clinical Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology. They offered me lots of opportunities I never had from most publishing houses and their prompt services are greatly appreciated.”
Department of Agricultural Economics, Agribusiness and Extension, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
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